Free Editable Backpack Checklist for School

Back to school time is here! Grab the free editable backpack checklist for school. It's a great tool for helping your kids stay organized, while building independence skills.

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With the rush to get to school on time every morning, it wasn't uncommon for us to get to the school only to realize that my son forgot his glasses. Or we'd get home after school pickup to realize that he left his water bottle in the classroom. These little oopses would invariably lead to tears and yes, even meltdowns.

So we started using simple checklists, school morning routine charts, and other visuals. Simple tools to make sure my son had everything that he needed for the school day. 

For instance, we had a big sign on our back door to remind my son to check that he had his glasses on before we stepped foot into the garage. That was particularly helpful. At least for getting to school...Getting the glasses home though? Well, not so much.

We also started using a backpack checklist for school. A written list of items that my son was responsible for remembering to pack and goodness, was it ever helpful! 

After all, using a written checklist is a great strategy for supporting hyperlexic kids. It's a strategy that has worked for us time and time again. And it works because it plays to their strength of reading.

So if your child needs a bit of help with back to school organization, then you're going to love this back to school printable!

About the Editable Backpack Checklist for School

I've included two types of checklists. One for heading to school and one for heading home. That's because sometimes your child might need to bring different things to school and different things home. So I wanted to make sure you had the correct wording for both.

I highly recommend printing both types of checklists and putting them back to back so you can create one double-sided luggage tag checklist. That way the things they'll need to take school will be on one side and the things they need to bring home will be on the other side.

And since this printable checklist is editable, you'll be able to customize it with whatever you want and with whatever wording you want. Does your child always forget to bring their glasses home? Add it to the list! Do they forget to bring money to buy milk at lunch? Add it to the list! Need your child to bring their chewies home every day so you can sanitize them? Add it to the list too!

Once you download the PDF, you'll be able to type your child's backpack essentials directly into it. Then cut, laminate, and add it to your child's backpack using a keychain ring or string. 

Or if you'd prefer something more flexible, then you can just print the blank tags and laminate as is. Then you can use a dry erase marker to customize the list every school day. This option is great for when there are changes in the daily routine like going on a field trip where you might need to pack a few extra items. Or report card days where your child is responsible for bringing a report card home.

Another option is to combine a premade one with the more flexible one. Edit the PDF to include the items that will be regularly going back and forth between school, but leave a few blank spots at the bottom. Then you can fill them in with dry erase markers.

Download the Free School Backpack Checklist Printable

This one page printable includes four checklists total, two of each type: bring home checklist and to school checklist. 

It is editable meaning you can customize it with whatever you want! However, you cannot edit it directly in Google Drive. You must download the PDF and save it to your computer first. Then you should be able to edit it after you open the file.

To get a copy of the backpack checklist for school, click the link below:

>> Click here to download the free printable

Free Visual Instructions for How to Open a Combination Lock

Free printable visual instructions for how to open a combination lock. Great for autistic kids and hyperlexic kids as they transition to middle or high school.

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If your child is headed into middle school or high school, then there's a good chance they'll have a locker with a combination lock. And with that comes new responsibilities! 

You have to remember to lock up your locker to keep your belongings safe. You also have to remember the three numbers needed to unlock your new combination lock. And you even have to remember the specific sequence of directions and turns required to open the darn thing too.

It's a lot to remember. Especially when paired with executive functioning challenges or fine motor skill delays. 

As you can see, there are a lot of skills required for learning how to open a combination lock. 

And it can definitely end up being a source of frustration for your child, which is something we certainly don't want. Right?

Well, that's where these free printable visual instructions can help. They'll walk your child through the steps required to open a standard combination lock so that they can open them with confidence.

How to Open a Combination Lock: The Steps You Need to Teach Your Child

There aren't many steps required for opening a lock like this. However, it requires a specific sequence to open it and that's what makes it tricky. Do I turn right or left? Do I turn one time? Two times? More? Which number am I on now? Well, here's how it works...

Step 1: Turn the dial to the right multiple times to clear the lock. Then turn one more time to the right and stop when the first number lines up with the indicator found at the top of the lock.

By the way, you might have to point out the indicator on the lock to your child. It might be an arrow or a small line. It might be a different color or barely noticeable. So be sure to show your child what to look for here.

Step 2: Turn the dial to the left one whole turn past the first number and keep going. Then stop when the second number lines up with the indicator.

Step 3: Turn the dial to the right and stop when the third and final number lines up with the indicator.

Step 4: Pull down on the combination lock to open. Ta-da! If it doesn't open, return to step one and try again.

Tips to Help Your Child Be Successful with their New Lock

Before school starts, be sure to practice opening and closing the lock with your child using the provided visual instructions.

Your child might find this video on opening combination locks helpful as well. It shows all of the steps in action.

Write down their unique number code so they can reference it when practicing. Then after a few attempts, have your child practice opening it with the numbers memorized, which if you have a hyperlexic child, won't take long. Especially since many of them - like my son! - love numbers and are quick to memorize things.

Another thing you should do is outline rules for using their lock. That may include reminding them that they should keep their lock combination code secret. They shouldn't share that code with others. Be sure to write these rules down. That's the key (pun intended!) to supporting hyperlexic kids (see tip #1 here).

Also be sure to discuss what to do if the lock doesn't open on the first try. That might mean using a coping strategy such as deep breathing to ward off frustration. That might mean trying again, but at a slower pace. Be sure to write down these suggestions for your child so they can reference how to troubleshoot issues. Besides, that's why you're practicing ahead of time anyway.

Finally, like I mentioned above, remember to point out where the indicator arrow or line is so they know how to line up the numbered dial. It can be easy to miss otherwise.

Download the Free Printable Visual Instructions for Opening Combination Locks

This printable is one page and includes step-by-step instructions with visuals. To get a copy of the visual instructions for how to open a combination lock, click the link below:

>> Click here to download the free printable

What is a Sensory Room?

What is a sensory room and what is it used for? Well, you'll learn all about sensory rooms below and what their purpose is.

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It seems like sensory rooms are popping up everywhere lately. Schools, libraries, airports, movie theatres...you name it. The list goes on and on.

You might even see people building sensory rooms right in their own home. 

But maybe you're unfamiliar with them and aren't really sure what they're for. Or even who they're for. Or why you might want or need one.

In fact, you might be new to the whole world of sensory processing and wondering: what is a sensory room exactly? And what is their purpose even? I mean should you be building one too? Maybe, maybe not.

So let's find out! Below you'll learn what a sensory room is, where it originates from, what its purpose is, and more. 

A Brief History of Sensory Rooms

The first sensory room dates back to the late 1970s in the Netherlands where Dutch therapists Jan Hulsegge and Ad Verheul "experimented with a sensory tent" (source). They didn't called it a sensory room though. Instead, they used the word Snoezelen to describe what they put together.

The term Snoezelen comes from two Dutch verbs that really capture the essence of what these rooms are designed for. It's a contraction of the verb "snuffelen," which means to seek and explore, and "doezelen," which means to relax (source).

You can still find official Snoezelen sensory spaces around the world today. I know we even have one here in a local school.

So What is a Sensory Room Exactly?

Well, a sensory room is a dedicated space that is designed to help individuals with sensory issues learn to regulate. They are spaces designed to provide personalized sensory input to an individual.

Now, while the name might imply that it has to be a whole room, that's not always the case. It doesn't have to be a dedicated sensory room. Instead, it could be a small space set aside in a larger room. A sensory corner, if you will.

However, the phrase sensory rooms is actually more of an umbrella term. It can be used to describe a variety of sensory spaces. 

That's why you might know sensory rooms by other names. They might be called a multi sensory room, a multi-sensory environment, or a Snoezelen room, for instance. Regardless of the name it goes by though, the purpose of these sensory environments remains the same.

So What is the Purpose of a Sensory Room Then?

These rooms are designed to be a low-stress, safe, and fun environment. As such, its main purpose is to help an individual work on regulating their bodies and emotions. And it does that by providing personalized sensory input.

However, it can serve many smaller purposes as well. 

For instance, it can help kids calm down, refocus, and work through their emotions. It can also give them a place to try out new sensory experiences or experiment and test their reactions to certain stimuli. It can also be used to help them be better prepared for learning and socializing. And finally, these rooms can be used to develop motor skills, both fine and gross, as well.

Essentially an effective sensory space helps kids return to that "just right" state. That sweet spot where they can adequately process incoming sensory input without shutting down or getting overloaded. 

Who Uses Sensory Rooms?

Sensory rooms offer lots of benefits. And not just for autistic kids or kids with sensory processing disorder. They can be helpful for many adults, disabled people, and people with dementia as well. Really, they can benefit anyone and everyone, doesn't matter the age.

What's Included in a Sensory Room?

It's important to note that no two sensory rooms or spaces will ever look alike. That's because they should be tailored to the individual sensory needs of whoever is using it. So what's included will vary from room to room. 

There are lots of different things that may see in a sensory room. For instance, there may be different types of sensory equipment such as swings, roller machines, scooter boards, a ball pit, a fabric sensory tunnel, or a crash pad.  

Now, a lot of the sensory room equipment that I just mentioned can be expensive. But it doesn't have to be. Especially if you're building one at home.

Some other things you might see in a sensory space include bubble machines, sound machines, specific lighting, an essential oil diffuser, lava lamps, mirrors, or fairy lights. Or it might have a sensory table to make your own sensory bins in. Or it might include a light table to play on. It may also include smaller things such fidgets, chew necklaces, puzzles, and so on.

Basically it includes a range of certain sensory stimuli and equipment that will help someone engage their senses and better process sensory information. 

But let's go back to the term Snoezelen for a quick second. Remember how the term was made up of two verbs meaning to seek and explore and to relax? Well, think of it this way. A sensory room is filled with tools that help an individual seek, explore, and relax. It's essentially a safe place for them to develop and/or engage their senses and the tools used within the room should do just that.

Other Resources to Help with the Sensory Room Planning Process

Above, I answered the question what is a sensory room? You also learned about its purpose, its history, and what can be included. If you want to learn more, I encourage you to check out these resources:

How to Make Your Own Sensory Room on a Budget

DIY Sensory Room Hacks

Engaging DIY Sensory Walls for Your Sensory Room

Back to School Sensory Bins for Kids

Looking for back to school sensory bins? Your toddler or preschooler are going to love these ideas!

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It's that time of year again...It's time to get ready for school!

Now, some kids might be really excited to go back to school. Others, though, might feel nervous because it's something new and different. Maybe their school anxiety even starts to kick in.

So it's possible that your kid might need something fun to get them excited or even something calming to help them process their feelings and worries. And that's where these back to school sensory bins come in. They can help with that transition.

Fun Back to School Sensory Bins for Kids

1. Back to School Sensory Maze Activity from Lalymom (pictured) - This idea is really cute! Basically you have to help get the school bus from your house to the school. It's great for working on fine motor skills too.

2. Back to School Sensory Tub from Counting Coconuts (pictured) - This sensory tub starts with a base of shredded paper. But I know the numbers, ruler, and letter tiles would entice any hyperlexic child to play.

3. Magnetic Back to School Sensory Bin from Busy Bebes - This sensory activity uses magnetic letters. That means it's a great idea to try with your hyperlexic kid. after all, magnet letters are one of their favorite toys to play with.

4. School Sensory Bin with Painted Rocks from Views from a Step Stool (pictured) - I think this sensory bin is adorable! It has cute little peg people, painted rocks, and wood slices with the word school on it. Those letters would definitely grab the interest of your hyperlexic child.

5. Back to School Supplies Sensory Bin Idea from Blessed Beyond a Doubt - This bin is filled with corn and school supplies. And I know which item my boys would choose to pick out and play with first from this sensory bin...The calculator, for sure! 

6. School Sensory Bin with Colored Pasta from Views from a Step Stool - It's easy to recreate this activity at home. First, dye some pasta. Then pair it with any school themed toys, such as a school bus, that you might have.

7. Back to School Sensory Table from Random Thoughts and Polka Dots - Here's another cute idea using shredded paper as the base. I also love the giant paper clips they used. My kids would definitely want to play with those!

8. Preschool Back to School Sensory Bin with Corn from a pinterest user named Erica - There aren't any instructions to go with this bin, but it looks really cute. It uses corn as its base.

And that's it for the back to school sensory bins. Hopefully you found an idea (or two) that will help get your kids excited for school.

What is a Sensory Diet? Here's What You Need to Know

If you have a child with sensory issues, then you've likely heard the term sensory diet before. But what is a sensory diet exactly? Well, below you'll learn all about sensory diets and what they are.

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As a parent of an autistic or sensory kid, you might have to learn a lot of new terminology. For instance, you'll hear words and phrases such as stimming, sensory overload, and proprioception (or any of the other different sensory systems). But you'll also likely come across the phrase sensory diet and wonder what the heck that might mean.

At first glance you might see the word diet and automatically think food. But sensory diets aren't about the food you eat or don't eat. It's not that kind of diet.

Instead, it's a diet made up of valuable sensory input that your child needs to get through the day.

They're helpful for many kids, as you will soon see. But first, let's answer the question you've been wondering: what is a sensory diet? 

So What is a Sensory Diet Exactly?

With a traditional food diet, you need to consume specific foods to meet your nutritional needs, right? Well, a sensory diet does the same kind of thing. Obviously, you're consuming sensory information instead of food here, but the principle is the same. 

A sensory diet is designed to help you snack on the sensory input you need in order to meet your individual sensory needs. Of course I had to use a food pun here...Really, it was inevitable.

Anyway, if you Google the definition of a diet, you'll of course see a definition related to food. But you'll also see the following definition, "a regular occupation or series of activities in which one participates." And that's the definition that will help you better understand what sensory diets are all about.

Basically, it's an individually tailored plan that outlines a set of specific activities designed to meet a child's sensory needs. Or, if we use that Google definition of diet from above, then it's a series of sensory activities that a child regularly participates in.

With this plan or diet, the goal is to get kids into a "just right" state. Basically you want to get your child to a state where they aren't overstimulated or understimulated, but instead, somewhere in between. 

So if your child is overstimulated, then you'll use activities that can help calm your child and bring them back to that "just right" state. On the flip side, if they seem sluggish, under responsive, or just generally "off," then you'll use activities that are designed to wake them up a bit. Something designed to be alerting. Kind of like you rely on a cup of coffee to get you going in the morning.

It's important to remember that the activities that are included in your child's plan or diet will depend on what sensory issues your child has. The diet has to be tailored to them or else it won't work. 

It's no different than serving up foods to your child to make sure that any nutritional gaps are filled. I mean giving your child candy isn't going to give your child the same nutrition as a banana, right? The same applies to sensory activities that you use to support your child's needs. You have to use activities that fulfill those needs, much like you have to use food that fulfills the correct nutrition needs.

Remember, sensory diets are a tool. A tool that allows you to help your child fill whatever sensory need they may have. A tool that helps your child function to their full potential, as cheesy as that sounds. Oh look another food joke!

Who Can Benefit from a Sensory Diet?

Anyone with sensory issues can benefit from a sensory diet. Regardless of whether or not they have a diagnosis.

Typically though, you use a sensory diet to help kids who are struggling. 

Remember, we're trying to get kids to that "just right" state. And kids who are over or under-responsive are struggling to get to that state.

Some kids can have extreme sensory needs and will really struggle as a result. And then there are others who have mild sensory issues and will only struggle a little bit. But both types - as well as everything in between - can benefit from sensory diets.

Usually sensory diets are used for autistic kids, kids with sensory processing disorder, and/or kids with ADHD. Most of these kids can benefit from having a tailored plan of sensory strategies. They often need to have regular sensory input throughout the day. And a sensory diet is a great way to ensure that that happens.

It's important to note that although sensory diets are usually associated with kids, they're not limited to use only with kids. Some teens and adults can also benefit from having a specific plan or diet. So please keep that in mind.

Tips for Creating Effective Sensory Diets for Kids: What You Need to Know

To create a sensory diet for your child, it's best to consult with an occupational therapist first. They can provide you with details on what kinds of sensory input your child needs. They can also tell you if your child is sensory seeking or sensory avoidant in certain areas. And finally, they can give you great ideas for sensory activities and strategies to use that are tailored to your child.

Also, a good sensory diet should be tailored to a child's specific sensory needs. Not everyone has the same sensory needs, right? So no two sensory diets should be alike. 

So if you're using a cookie cutter sensory diet template, then you're probably doing things wrong.

The activities that you use as part of a sensory diet should produce positive effects on a child. If you see any kind of negative response to an activity, then stop immediately. It could be that that particular activity is not a good fit for your child. After all, we're looking for the right sensory input here. Not something that causes other issues.

On a similar note, never force a child to do a sensory activity. Even if it's written into their plan. If there's resistance at all, then give your child a break. Or try a different activity instead.

Some sensory diets may include regularly scheduled activities throughout the day and be highly structured. Or they may be more loose, offering activities as needed throughout the day. Which format you use will depend on your child.

However, I personally prefer to naturally incorporate sensory activities into the day instead of scheduling them ahead of time. I think sensory diets are much more effective when used in this way. I mean the whole point of a sensory diet is to provide your child with sensory input as they need it. And let's be honest, your child's sensory needs aren't always going to follow some strict schedule.

Time for a Quick Recap!

Sensory diets aren't about food even though the name might imply otherwise. Instead, they're about providing your child with a set of specific activities that are designed to fill their individual sensory needs. So no two diets will be the same. After all, different people have different needs. 

These diets should be created in consultation with an occupational therapist. And they're helpful for kids with sensory issues, with or without a diagnosis.

So hopefully that helps answer the question what is a sensory diet?

Other Amazing Sensory Processing Resources You'll Love

DIY Sensory Tools & Hacks to Help with Sensory Diets at Home

Free Printable List of Oral Sensory Diet Activities for Kids

A List of 50 Easy Sensory Diet Activities for Kids

15+ Awesome Construction Sensory Bin Ideas for Kids

You're going to love these awesome construction sensory bin ideas for toddlers and preschoolers. They're perfect for kids who love trucks and construction vehicles.

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If your kids are interested in construction trucks or even construction signs (hello, my hyperlexic learners!), then it might be time to try a little construction sensory play. After all, I'm all about leaning into and using your child's interests.

So go ahead and grab those trucks and get ready to pair them with a fun sensory base. Then just like that you'll have an instant construction site. However, I totally understand if you feel like you're not creative enough to just whip up a sensory bin like this. 

But that's where these construction sensory bin ideas come in though. They'll give you some inspiration to get started. And save you from having to reinvent the wheel, so to speak.

Your Kids are Going to Love these Construction Sensory Bin Ideas!

1. Cinnamon Soap Foam & Trucks Sensory Play (pictured below) - Cinnamon soap foam is one of my all time favorite sensory bin fillers ever! You're going to want to whip some up. Then all you need to do is add some trucks. Then it's the perfect little construction activity for toddlers and preschoolers. Plus, it smells so good!

2. Construction Zone Sensory Bin with Alphabet Rocks from Modern Preschool (pictured in collage) - I love the addition of alphabet rocks to this sensory bin. It's a great way to get your hyperlexic kid interested in playing.

3. Construction Themed Taste Safe Sensory Bin from The Play Based Mom - This activity uses some stale food from the pantry as the base. It's really quite brilliant.

4. Simple Cornmeal Construction Site Sensory Bin from Busy Toddler (pictured in collage) - The cornmeal base really plays into the colors of the little yellow trucks. It looks like a lot of fun!

5. Construction Truck Sensory Bin from Frugal Fun For Boys & Girls - This idea uses black beans as the base. But what I really love is the cool cardboard ramp that they made to add to this bin.

6. Construction Zone Sensory Bin with DIY Road Signs from Mama. Papa. Bubba. - I love the addition of construction zone work signs and natural materials in this bin.

7. Shredded Paper Construction Site from Busy Toddler - Oh my goodness, this one would be so much fun! Shredded paper is such a cool sensory experience.

8. Construction Site Sensory Bin from Active Littles - This one uses black beans and colorful pom poms. It would be quick and easy to set up too.

9. Sand Foam Construction Sensory Play from Messy Little Monster - The sand foam base in this bin would provide such an interesting texture. Perfect for trucks to scoop up too.

10. Easy Construction Site Sensory Bin with Dry Pasta from Happy Toddler Playtime - This activity would take literally seconds to set up. Just dump and play.

11. Construction Sensory Bin with Real Pebbles from Mama. Papa. Bubba. - I love that this one uses real pebbles that are perfect for scooping and pouring. But obviously not great if your little one is still in the mouthing stage.

12. Chocolate Cloud Dough Construction Site Sensory Play from Powerful Mothering - I bet this smells amazing! And it's a nice alternative to play sand.

13. Construction Small World Sensory Play with Toddler Safe "Rocks" from Still Playing School - The base for this activity is really cool. And it's perfect for kids who still like to put things in their mouths.

14. Clean the Construction Trucks Sensory Play from Busy Toddler - How fun would this one be? Your kids can get the trucks all messy and then clean them all off.

15. Construction Site Sensory Play from Craftulate - The sensory bin filler in this one is a mix of sand, rocks, and old grains from the pantry so it would have lots of neat textures to explore.

16. Oobleck Construction Site Activity from NutureStore - If you're okay with a little bit of a mess - okay, a big mess! - then this sensory bin is the one for you to try.

17. Construction Site Activity Bin from Happy Hooligans - Have some construction worker toys on hand? Then this sensory activity is perfect for you!

18. Taste Safe Construction Bin for Toddlers & Babies from Messy Little Monster - Grab some trucks and some Cheerios for this activity. It's super easy to set up!

So hopefully you've got some fresh inspiration for some new sensory activities inspired by construction sites now. I mean there are some pretty awesome construction sensory bin ideas above. So, you're bound to find something your kid will love!

What are the 8 Sensory Systems? Your 8 Senses Explained

Yes, it's true that our sensory processing system is actually made up of eight senses, not five. So what are the 8 sensory systems and what do all 8 senses do? You'll find out below!

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Growing up, you probably learned that we have five senses, right? I mean how many times were sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell drilled into you throughout elementary school? Probably a lot. And your kids probably only learn about those five senses too. So you likely had no idea that there were other sensory systems beyond that. But there are!

So when your child (or maybe yourself) started experiencing sensory processing challenges, you started to wonder why your child liked spinning so much, yet never got dizzy. Or why they chewed on literally everything, even non-food objects. Or why they constantly bumped into things.

You quickly realized that their sensory processing difficulties couldn't be explained by just those five senses alone. You knew there had to be more to it than that.

Well, that's because we actually receive sensory input through eight different senses. Not five like you were taught.

And when you learn that we receive and process sensory stimuli using these 8 senses, things make so much more sense. 

You'll suddenly have the words you need to explain your child's sensory differences. Regardless of what sensory sensitivity they might have. And that's powerful stuff. Especially when it comes to advocating for your child's needs. So let's dig in and learn more about the 8 senses then, shall we?

What are the 8 Sensory Systems?

Okay so you missed learning about three senses growing up. We already know that. But you likely also didn't learn big fancy names to go along with all of the senses. Not surprising though given how tricky some of these words are to spell, let alone pronounce. Especially as a kid. By the way, I'm looking at you, proprioception! 

Anyway, here's a list of our eight sensory systems with their official names:

1. Visual
2. Auditory
3. Gustatory
4. Olfactory
5. Tactile
6. Vestibular
7. Proprioception
8. Interoception

The 8 Senses Explained & Defined

It's important to understand your child's unique sensory profile. Especially if they have a diagnosis such as autism or have a sensory disorder where sensory challenges are quite common. And part of understanding your child's sensory profile is learning about these sensory systems first.

After all, learning about these senses can give you a better idea of the sensory difficulties that your child might experience. It can also help you identify your child's sensory overload triggers, plan a sensory diet, and so much more. 

So here are the 8 senses through which we process sensory information explained:

1. Visual - Known as our sense of sight, this sensory system is all about the information that we take in through our eyes (known as visual input). It's the things that we see.

2. Auditory - This sensory system is all about the sense of sound (aka the things that we hear). It refers to the information that we receive through the ears. But it also helps us filter out unwanted sensory stimuli in terms of the sounds that we do not need to attend to.

3. Gustatory - You probably know this one better as the sense of taste. Basically, this sense helps us make sense of taste and flavors and processes the information that we receive through the mouth. Sometimes this sense might be referred to as the oral system as well.

4. Olfactory - A fancy word for the sense of smell. This sense is all about interpreting the information that we receive through the nose.

5. Tactile - Also known as our sense of touch. It's responsible for processing the information we receive when we physically touch and feel things through our skin. It doesn't necessarily need to be things we touch with our hands though. It can be sensations that make contact with us anywhere on the body. Think of certain clothing items such as scratchy tags or lumpy socks that are bothersome. That falls under tactile as well.

6. Vestibular - Okay now we're getting into the less familiar senses. This one is all about our sense of balance and spatial awareness. And it's located in the inner ear. The vestibular system functions to detect changes in gravity like whether you are spinning or hanging upside down.

7. Proprioception - This sense processes information that is received from muscle and joint movements. It tells you where your different body parts are and what they are doing, which is why it's known as the body awareness sense. Think jumping, pushing, pulling, heavy work, deep pressure...they're all about proprioception!

8. Interoception - Known as the internal body sense, interoception is like your body's GPS. This internal GPS system is responsible for being aware of internal sensory input such as hunger, breathing, temperature, thirst, and having to go the bathroom. So basically it refers to the physiological and physical condition of the body. It tells you what your internal organs are feeling. Unfortunately, this sense is often forgotten about and is rarely discussed, but it's clearly an important one!

So that's our 8 senses explained. Hopefully it gives you a better understanding of how complex sensory processing is. It's clearly so much more than those five senses you learned about as a kid though, right?

Other Sensory Processing Resources You'll Love

The Best Sensory Bins for Engaging Tactile Sensory Play

How to Make a Budget-Friendly Sensory Space for Your Child

Books About Sensory Processing Disorders That You Should Probably Read

Gestalt Learning & Hyperlexia: What Does it Mean to be a Gestalt Learner?

What is a gestalt learner? A look at gestalt learning in hyperlexia and what that means in terms of their language development.

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You've likely heard that hyperlexic kids learn via gestalt processing before. Which means you've likely also wondered what it means to be a gestalt thinker before. Admit it, I know you have. Why? Because I too once wondered the same thing.

Although I do recall learning gestalt principles and gestalt theory way back in university when I did my psychology degree. Doesn't mean I remember much about it though. I also never studied it in relation to hyperlexia or autism. Amazing the things I revisit years later because of my kids...

Anyway, let's get back on track here. You want to know what gestalt learning is, not read about what I learned 20 years ago, right? 

So let's take a look at what gestalt learning is and what it means in relation to hyperlexia.

What is Gestalt Learning?

When it comes to gestalt learning, the whole is greater than all of its parts. So gestalt thinkers see the whole picture as more important than the individual pieces or components. Instead of learning one part at a time, they learn in chunks called gestalts.

As a result, they also learn language in chunks. Think short phrases or a whole sentence, for instance. In contrast, a non-gestalt learner would learn language one word at a time.

Gestalt learning is pretty common in both autistic and hyperlexic kids, but it isn't exclusive to them. Many neurotypical kids can learn language in gestalts (aka chunks) as well (source). 

What Gestalt Learning Looks Like in Hyperlexia

Interestingly enough, in the article "Finding the Words" Marge Blanc mentions that one common example of gestalt learning is an "early interest in the entire alphabet." Sound like anyone you know? Well, it should because it basically sums up hyperlexic kids.

I mean if you're familiar with hyperlexia at all (which you probably are if you're reading this, right?), then you know that for many of these kids, one of the first signs parents notice is the intense interest in letters. An interest that starts to appear before age two. See the hyperlexia milestones post for more information.

Another key sign that a child is a gestalt processor is echolalia. Well, guess what is common in hyperlexia? You guessed it - echolalic speech! 

Many hyperlexic children, just like gestalt learners, start talking by repeating entire sentences instead of individual words. They learn to talk in chunks. It's why teaching them scripts can be so helpful.

And speaking of learning in chunks...Gestalt theory can also explain how a hyperlexic reader can just see a word and know how to read it, without sounding it out like a traditional reader would. But why is that? Well, remember, the whole is greater than the components that make up that whole. So for a hyperlexic child, they see the whole word and not necessarily the individual components (aka sounds) that make up that word.

Going further, to hyperlexic learners, one phrase or sentence is essentially one word to them because they literally store and retrieve language in chunks. So a phrase like "my cat is white" is stored just like that. They have trouble breaking that chunk down into the four individual words my, cat, is, and white.

You can maybe start to see why comprehension issues are common in hyperlexia then, right? By learning language in these chunks or gestalts, they're not focusing on the meaning of the individual words that make up that chunk. So they end up assigning little to no meaning to the individual words. And they can end up missing key details as a result.

As Wee Speech says about gestalt learners, "Just because a child uses longer sentences does not mean they understand all the words."

It can also lead to issues with expressive language too. The whole "my kid can read, but not carry on a conversation thing." A common issue that parents of hyperlexic children mention.

Well, the reason is simple. Gestalt language processors can find it hard "to break down the sentences they are using into individualized words, which means language is less flexible and [less] spontaneous." (source) They struggle to break the whole picture down "into a sequence of words in order to express what [they] see." (source)

That can mean difficulties communicating their thoughts and ideas. Unless of course they can retrieve a relevant chunk. That's why it's so important to pay attention to your hyperlexic child's echolalic phrases and scripts. The chunk they are scripting could very well be related in some way. For example, if you talk about a car, they might respond with a line from the movie Cars.

Another thing that I found fascinating about gestalt thinkers is related to questions. If you rephrase a question, then it can look like an entirely different question to them. The chunk or gestalt of language that they receive is different because the whole question is worded differently. So when you ask a question in a new way, your hyperlexic child might interpret that as a completely different question than the original one you asked. Interesting, right?

There are plenty of other hyperlexic characteristics that just make more sense when you have a better understanding of gestalt processing of language. I mean reading through this list of characteristics of a gestalt learner felt like I was reading bullet points about my hyperlexic child. Although heads up, there are blue puzzle pieces slathered everywhere on that website. Despite that, there's lots of great information about gestalt processing there.

And speaking of great information about gestalt processing, I highly recommend this article on gestalt learning and hyperlexia from CHAT. It does a good job of covering the use of scripts to support hyperlexic kids. It's worth checking out.

Ready to Learn More About Gestalt Language Processing?

If you'd like to learn more about gestalt language processing and Natural Language Acquisition, I highly recommend checking out the Meaningful Speech courses and their Gestalt Language Processing Handbook. The course also includes a fantastic Lunch and Learn video on hyperlexia. Use coupon code DYAN to save 5% on the handbook or courses.

Learn more about the Gestalt Language Processing Handbook & Courses

Getting a deeper understanding of gestalt learning and hyperlexia is so important. It can explain the why behind so many behaviors and traits.

What is Sensory Overload?

Answering the question: what is sensory overload? Let's take a closer look at what it means as well as some common sensory overload triggers and signs.

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There's a reason why your kid freaks out and covers their ears whenever they hear the noise of the hand dryers or the flush of the automatic toilets in a public washroom. I mean that's a lot of loud, complex sensory stimuli being received by the brain. And your kid just doesn't have the tools yet to adequately cope (although I do have a social story to help).

Those resulting meltdowns often come down to sensory overload and sensory issues though.

Everyone can experience sensory overload, both adults and children alike. You're not magically immune just because you're an adult. You just might have better tools in place to help you manage and cope with overwhelming sensory stimuli. 

Like maybe the crowds, noise, and bright lights of shopping at Costco do you in (ahem...me). One way you might cope is by going when it's less busy and crowded. 

However, for some, sensory overload is a much more frequent an common experience. In particular, for kids and those diagnosed with autism, hyperlexia, or sensory processing disorder, it can be an everyday occurrence. It can even occur multiple times per day.

Unfortunately, sensory overload is misunderstood by many. 

Yet, sensory overload can often explain a lot of the "behavior issues" we see in kids or in autistic individuals. There's always such a big focus on the behavior. But many forget to zero in on what's actually triggering the behavior in the first place. More often than not, those "behavior issues" are actually sensory overload responses.

If you're new to understanding sensory processing, you might be wondering what is sensory overload exactly? And what triggers it? Well, let's take a closer look.

So...What is Sensory Overload Exactly? What Does it Mean?

Sensory overload happens when one or more of our senses becomes overstimulated and overwhelms our brain. There's simply too much incoming information for our brain to process properly. 

With so many sensory inputs being received by the brain at once, it doesn't know which of these inputs to focus on or prioritize first. It's like it can't tell which is irrelevant sensory information and which is. So it struggles to filter out the unimportant sensory stimuli.

Then the brain tells your body that it needs to somehow get away from, block, or escape some of that sensory information. Which is why some of the more common sensory overload symptoms are to block out one source, shut down, and/or run. It makes sense if you think about it.

The body essentially responds with a flight, fight, or freeze response. It's as if your brain gets stuck. At least until you remove one or multiple sensory inputs. But removing some of that information and input isn't always easy. That's why it's sometimes just easier to run or cover your ears.

Some of the Most Common Sensory Overload Triggers (with Examples)

Since sensory overload can result from any of our senses (there are more than 5 senses, by the way!) being overwhelmed, what triggers one person might not trigger another. Everyone experiences things differently after all.

That means that different types of sensory stimuli can lead to sensory overload for different people. It might be the music, the flickering lights, the smell of someone's perfume, a crowded room...the list goes on and on. Everyone will have different triggers and tolerance levels.

But here are some of the more common examples of things that lead to frequent sensory overload:

• Public washrooms (those darn hand dryers and automatic flushing toilets are so loud!)

• Crowds or even tight spaces

• Strong smells (e.g., food, laundry aisle in stores, perfumes, soaps, etc.)

• Loud noises or the combination of sounds (e.g., multiple people talking at once, concerts, vacuums, music playing and people talking at the same time, etc.)

• Lights (e.g., too bright, flickering, hum of fluorescents, etc.)

• Texture of certain fabrics or materials (scratchy tags in shirts, anyone??)

• Food (e.g., flavor, smell, look, spiciness, temperature, texture, etc.)

• Motion sickness or dizziness

Other Factors that Kick Sensory Overload into Sensory Overdrive

It's also important to remember that there are many other factors that come into play when it comes to processing sensory input. In other words, there are other sensory concerns to consider. There's a reason why sometimes one situation or scenario might trigger sensory overload one day, but not on another. Some of these factors might include:

• The amount of sleep you've had or fatigue (if you're tired, you'll be more prone to sensory overwhelm)

• Stress levels and anxiety (if you're stressed or anxious, then overload is more likely to occur)

• Have certain other conditions or diagnoses such as autism or sensory processing disorder that have known sensory processing issues

• Knowing your sensory overload triggers and the ability to notice those triggers before they escalate

• Familiarity with the place, event, people, etc. (if you're unfamiliar, you might feel anxious or stressed)

• Past experiences with certain sensory inputs and/or trauma associated with negative past experiences

• The quality, quantity, and complexity of the sensory input being received. The more input there is, the greater the likelihood of experiencing overload is.

• Access to sensory products and tools that help you cope (e.g., have ear defenders handy or something to chew on)

• Ability to regulate and use a calm down strategy. Most toddlers and preschoolers, for instance, haven't yet learned how to regulate their bodies. As a result, they can be easily overwhelmed by sensory stimulation.

A Look at Common Sensory Overload Symptoms or Signs

Responses to sensory overload can also vary. Some people might feel slightly uncomfortable. And others might have strong reactions. For instance, they might feel intense pain when their senses are overwhelmed.

As you can see, based on the information above, sensory overload experiences are complex. There are many contributing factors to consider. There are different triggers to be aware of. There are a wide range of possible sensory overload responses. 

It's important to remember that sensory overload's not going to look the same for everyone. Nor will it look the same in every situation. 

But here are some of the more common signs of sensory overload issues that you might see:

• Shutting down

• Meltdowns

• Irritability or quick to anger

• Crying, screaming, or yelling

• Running away or elopement

• Covering ears or eyes

Obviously, this list isn't exhaustive by any means. It's just meant to give you a quick overview of what might happen when someone receives excessive sensory stimuli and their brain just can't keep up. You've learned that reactions can be unique every single time and for every single person.

So hopefully that answers the question of what is sensory overload? If anything, you should have a better understanding of the sensory overload experience now. That includes understanding possible triggers and signs to watch out for.